ഗുരുദേവ കൃതികൾ

ജീവകാരുണ്യപഞ്ചകം – ശ്രീ നാരായണഗുരു

ശ്രീ നാരായണഗുരുവിന്റെ ജീവകാരുണ്യപഞ്ചകം എന്ന കൃതിയും, ആ കൃതിക്ക് ശ്രീ ജി ബാലകൃഷ്ണന്‍ നായരുടെ വ്യാഖ്യാനത്തില്‍ നിന്നും അടര്‍ത്തിയെടുത്ത ചില ഭാഗങ്ങളും താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

ജീവകാരുണ്യപഞ്ചകം

എല്ലാവരുമാത്മസഹോദരെ –
ന്നല്ലേ പറയേണ്ടതിതോര്‍ക്കുകില്‍ ന‍ാം
കൊല്ലുന്നതുമെങ്ങനെ ജീവികളെ –
ത്തെല്ലും കൃപയറ്റു ഭുജിക്കയെന്നതും.

കൊല്ലാവ്രതമുത്തമമാമതിലും
തിന്നാവ്രതമെത്രയുമുത്തമമ‍ാം
എല്ലാമതസാരവുമോര്‍ക്കിലിതെ –
ന്നലെ പറയേണ്ടത് ധാര്‍മികരെ!

കൊല്ലുന്നതു തങ്കല്‍ വരില്‍ പ്രിയമാ –
മല്ലീവിധിയാര്‍ക്കു ഹിതപ്രദമ‍ാം?
ചൊല്ലേണ്ടതു ധര്‍മ്യമിതാരിലുമൊ –
ത്തല്ല മരുവേണ്ടതു സൂരികളെ!

കൊല്ലുന്നവനില്ല ഭുജിപ്പതിനാ –
ളില്ലെങ്കിലശിക്കുകതന്നെ ദൃഢം
കൊല്ലിക്കുകകൊണ്ടു ഭുജിക്കുകയ‍ാം
കൊല്ലുന്നതില്‍നിന്നുമുരത്തൊരഘം.

കൊല്ലായ്കയിലിവന്‍ ഗുണമുള്ള പുമാ –
നല്ലായ്കില്‍ മൃഗത്തോടു തുല്യനവന്‍
കൊല്ലുന്നവനില്ല ശരണ്യത മ –
റ്റെല്ലാവക നന്മയുമാര്‍ന്നിടിലും.

വ്യാഖ്യാനം

ആത്മസത്യം കണ്ടെത്തുക എന്ന ജീവിതപരമലക്ഷ്യം നേടാന്‍ അനുപേക്ഷണീയമായ ഗുണമാണ് ജീവകാരുണ്യം അഥവാ അഹിംസ. മറ്റു ജീവജാലങ്ങളില്‍ ഒരു തരത്തിലുമുള്ള ദ്രോഹചിന്ത പുലര്‍ത്താതെ സമഭാവന ശീലിക്കുകയാണ് സത്യാന്വേഷണ സാധന. അഹിംസ അഥവാ ജീവകാരുണ്യം മനുഷ്യന്‍ അവശ്യം അംഗീകരിക്കേണ്ട ഗുണമാണെന്ന് പ്രതിപാദിക്കുന്ന കൃതിയാണ് ‘ജീവകാരുണ്യപഞ്ചകം’.

  1. പരമസത്യമായ ആത്മാവിന്റെ രൂപഭേദങ്ങളാണ് ഇക്കാണുന്നവയെല്ല‍ാം. അതിനാല്‍ അവ പരസ്പരം സഹോദരങ്ങളാണ്. ഇക്കാര്യം ചിന്തച്ചാല്‍ മനുഷ്യര്‍ എങ്ങനെ മറ്റു ജീവികളെ കൊല്ലും? അല്‍പ്പംപോലും കാരുണ്യമില്ലാതെ മറ്റു ജീവികളുടെ മ‍ാംസം എങ്ങനെ ഭക്ഷിക്കും? മറ്റു ജീവികളെ കൊല്ലുകയും ഭുജിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നത് ഭേദചിന്തയെയും അഹങ്കാരത്തെയും വര്‍ദ്ധിപ്പിക്കുകയും സത്യദര്‍ശനത്തില്‍ നിന്നും അകറ്റുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു.

  2. ആത്മസാക്ഷാത്കാരത്തിനുതകുന്ന ധര്‍മങ്ങളില്‍ വച്ചേറ്റവും വലുതാണ്‌ അഹിംസ. പരദ്രോഹചിന്തയില്ലായ്മയാണ് അഹിംസയുടെ ആന്തരരൂപം. ഞാന്‍ വേറെ, നീ വേറെ എന്ന ചിന്തയില്‍ നിന്നാണ് ഭയവും ദ്രോഹചിന്തയും ആരംഭിക്കുന്നത്. ഭേദചിന്തയും ദ്രോഹചിന്തയും മാറ്റി സമഭാവനയോടെ ജീവിക്കാന്‍ ദൃഢനിശ്ചയം ചെയ്തയാള്‍ സ്വധര്‍മ്മനിര്‍വഹണത്തിനായി ചിലപ്പോള്‍ ശാരീരികമായി ഹിംസിച്ചാലും അത് ഹിംസയാകുന്നില്ല. സ്വാര്‍ത്ഥലാഭത്തിനായി ദ്രോഹചിന്തയോടെ ഒരു ജീവിയേയും ശാരീരികമായി ഉപദ്രവിക്കാതിരികുന്നിടത്താണ് അഹിംസ ആരംഭിക്കുന്നത്. പരദ്രോഹചിന്ത വെടിഞ്ഞു എല്ല‍ാം ഒന്നെന്നുകാണുന്ന അഹിംസയാണ് എല്ലാ മതങ്ങളും ഉദ്ഘോഷിക്കുന്നത്.

  3. ഹിംസയില്‍ കൊല്ലപ്പെടുന്നവന്‍ താനാണെങ്കില്‍ അതിഷ്ടമായിരിക്കുമോ? ഹിംസ തുടങ്ങിയ ക്രൂരതകള്‍ ആരുടേയും കുത്തകയല്ല. വിധി എപ്പോഴും ഒരുവന്റെ ഹിതം തന്നെ അനുസരിക്കുമെന്ന് കരുതരുത്. കൊല്ലുന്നവന്‍ ഏത് നിമിഷവും കൊല്ലപ്പെടാവുന്നവനായി മാറാവുന്നതേയുള്ളൂ. അചഞ്ചലമായ പ്രകൃതിനിയമം തെറ്റുകയില്ല. സത്യാനുഭവത്തിനു വഴി തെളിക്കുന്ന ഈ ധര്‍മനിയമമാണ് അറിവുള്ളവര്‍ എല്ലാവര്‍ക്കും ഉപദേശിക്കേണ്ടത്, അതനുസരിച്ച് ജീവിക്കുകയും വേണം.

  4. തിന്നാന്‍ ആളില്ലെന്ന് വന്നാല്‍ കൊല്ലാനും ആളുണ്ടാവില്ല എന്ന്‍ തീര്‍ച്ചയാണ്. അപ്പോള്‍ തിന്നുന്നത്‌ തന്നെയാണ് വലിയ ഹിംസ. കൊല്ലുന്നതിനു മറ്റുള്ളവര്‍ക്ക് പ്രേരണ നല്‍കുന്നതുകൊണ്ട് കൊല്ലുന്നതിനേക്കാള്‍ വലിയ പാപവും തിന്നുന്നത്‌ തന്നെയാണ്.

  5. മറ്റു ജീവികളെ ഹിംസിക്കാതിരിക്കുന്ന മനുഷ്യനാണ് വിവേകമുള്ളവന്‍. കൊല്ലുന്ന അവിവേകിയും മൃഗവും തമ്മില്‍ ഒരു ഭേദവുമില്ല. കൊല്ലുന്നവന് മറ്റെല്ലാ നന്മകളുമുണ്ടെങ്കില്‍പോലും ഒരിടത്തും അഭയം ലഭിക്കുന്നതല്ല.

അതുകൊണ്ട് ഒരു സത്യാന്വേഷി കൊല്ലലും തിന്നലും ദൃഢമായി ഉപേക്ഷിക്കണം എന്ന് ശ്രീ നാരായണസ്വാമി ഉപദേശിക്കുന്നു.

ശുഭം.

കടപ്പാട് : ശ്രേയസ്

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