വിവാഹത്തിന് മുമ്പ് ഒരുമിച്ച് താമസിക്കാം, ഗർഭം ധരിക്കാം, ഇതാണ് രാജസ്ഥാനിലെ ഗരാസിയ ഗോത്രം
പങ്കാളിയെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാനും, ഉപേക്ഷിക്കാനും സ്ത്രീകൾക്ക് ആ സമൂഹത്തിൽ പൂർണ്ണ സ്വാതന്ത്രമുണ്ട്. ഇനി ഇത് കൂടാതെ ഈ സമൂഹത്തിൽ ബഹുഭാര്യത്വവും ആചരിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.
വിവാഹം കഴിക്കാതെ ഒരുമിച്ച് കഴിയുന്ന പ്രവണത തീർത്തും ആധുനികമാണെന്നാണ് പൊതുവെ കരുതുന്നത്. എന്നാൽ, രാജസ്ഥാനിലെ ഒരു ഗോത്രമായ ഗരാസിയ നൂറുകണക്കിന് വർഷങ്ങൾക്ക് മുൻപ് തന്നെ ഇത് പിന്തുടരുന്നവരാണ്. അത് അവരുടെ സംസ്കാരത്തിന്റെ ഒരു പ്രധാന ഭാഗമാണ്. വിവാഹം കഴിക്കാതെ സ്ത്രീയും പുരുഷനും ഒരുമിച്ച് കഴിയുന്നത് നമ്മുടെ സമൂഹത്തിൽ ഒരു തെറ്റായിട്ടാണ് ഇന്നും കാണുന്നത്. എന്നാൽ, ഈ ഗോത്രത്തിൽ വിവാഹത്തിന് മുൻപ് ഒന്നിച്ച് കഴിയാം. അത് മാത്രമല്ല, ആ ബന്ധത്തിൽ കുട്ടികളുമാവാം.
കൃഷിയും കൂലിപ്പണിയുമാണ് ഈ ഗോത്രവർഗക്കാർക്കാരുടെ പ്രധാനം തൊഴിലുകൾ. വിവാഹം കഴിക്കാനുള്ള പണം സമ്പാദിക്കുന്നത് വരെ തന്റെ പങ്കാളിക്കൊപ്പം ഒരുമിച്ച് കഴിയാൻ സമൂഹം അവരെ അനുവദിക്കുന്നു. വിവാഹം പിന്നീടെപ്പോഴെങ്കിലും സംഭവിക്കുന്ന ഒരു കാര്യമാണ്. ഇനി പണം ഉണ്ടാക്കാൻ സാധിച്ചില്ലെന്ന് വിചാരിക്കുക, വർഷങ്ങളോളം വിവാഹം കഴിക്കാതെ അവർക്ക് ഒരുമിച്ച് താമസിക്കാം. അതിൽ കുഞ്ഞുങ്ങളെ പ്രസവിക്കാനും അവർക്ക് ഭയമില്ല. അങ്ങനെ വിവാഹം കഴിക്കാതെ തന്നെ അവർ മാതാപിതാക്കളാകുന്നു. വിവാഹത്തിന് മുൻപ് ഗർഭം ധരിക്കുന്നത് ഒരു നല്ല കാര്യമായിട്ടാണ് അവർ കാണുന്നത്. ഒരു തരത്തിലുള്ള വിവേചനവും ലിംഗാധിഷ്ഠിത മുൻവിധിയും ഇല്ലാതെ പൂർണ്ണമായും അംഗീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ട ഒരു സമ്പ്രദായമാണ് ഇത്.
ഗരാസിയ ഗോത്രത്തിന്റെ ആചാരങ്ങളെയും വിശ്വാസങ്ങളെയും കുറിച്ച് എടുത്ത് പറയേണ്ടത് സ്ത്രീകൾക്ക് അവർ നൽകുന്ന പ്രാധാന്യമാണ്. കൗമാരക്കാർക്ക് തമ്മിൽ ഇടപഴകാനും ഭാവി ജീവിത പങ്കാളികളുമായി ചങ്ങാത്തം കൂടാനും അവസരമൊരുക്കുന്ന ഒരു മേള അവിടെ സംഘടിപ്പിക്കുന്നു. തുടർന്ന് കമിതാക്കൾ ഒളിച്ചോടുകയും പിന്നീട് ഒരുമിച്ച് അവർ താമസിക്കുന്ന ഗ്രാമത്തിലേക്ക് മടങ്ങുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു. തുടർന്ന് വരന്റെ കുടുംബം വധുവിന്റെ കുടുംബത്തിന് ഒരു നിശ്ചിത തുക നൽകുന്നു. ദമ്പതികൾ വിവാഹിതരാകുമ്പോൾ, എല്ലാ ചെലവുകളും വരൻ തന്നെയാണ് നോക്കുന്നത്. അതുപോലെ തന്നെ ഇനി സ്ത്രീയ്ക്ക് ആ പങ്കാളിയെ വേണ്ടെന്ന് തോന്നിയാൽ മറ്റൊരു മേളയിൽ മറ്റൊരു പങ്കാളിയെ അവൾക്ക് തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാം. തുടർന്ന് അയാൾ പെൺകുട്ടികളുടെ മുൻ പങ്കാളിയ്ക്ക് ഒരു വലിയ തുക നൽകണമെന്ന് മാത്രം.
പങ്കാളിയെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കാനും, ഉപേക്ഷിക്കാനും സ്ത്രീകൾക്ക് ആ സമൂഹത്തിൽ പൂർണ്ണ സ്വാതന്ത്രമുണ്ട്. ഇനി ഇത് കൂടാതെ ഈ സമൂഹത്തിൽ ബഹുഭാര്യത്വവും ആചരിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു. ഒരു ഗരാസിയ പുരുഷന് ആദ്യ ഭാര്യയിൽ കുട്ടികൾ ഇല്ലെങ്കിൽ വീണ്ടുമൊരു കല്യാണം കഴിക്കാനുള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്രമുണ്ട്. മറ്റൊരു മേളയിൽ ഒരു സ്ത്രീക്ക് ഒരു പുതിയ തത്സമയ പങ്കാളിയെ കണ്ടെത്താനും കഴിയും. സ്ത്രീകൾക്കെതിരായ അതിക്രമങ്ങൾ, ബലാത്സംഗം, സ്ത്രീധന മരണം എന്നിവ ഗരാസിയ സമൂഹത്തിൽ അപൂർവമാണ്. ലിംഗ വിവേചനം, സ്ത്രീകൾക്കെതിരായ അതിക്രമങ്ങൾ എന്നിവ നിലനിൽക്കുന്ന ഈ കാലത്ത് ഗരാസിയ ജനങ്ങൾ നമ്മുക്ക് ഒരുപാട് കാര്യങ്ങൾ പഠിപ്പിച്ച് തരുന്നു. മുഖ്യധാരാ സമൂഹം എല്ലാ ഗോത്രവർഗക്കാരെയും താഴ്ന്നവരും പിന്നോക്കക്കാരുമായി കാണുമ്പോഴും, ആധുനികതയുടെയും സ്ത്രീസമത്വത്തിന്റെയും വലിയ ദർശനങ്ങളാണ് അവർ നമുക്ക് പകർന്ന് തരുന്നത്.
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