പൊതു വിവരം

കേരളത്തിൻ്റെ പൈതൃക ടൂറിസം കുമരകം വിദേശസഞ്ചാരികളെ ആകർഷിക്കുന്നു

കേരളത്തിൻ്റെ പൈതൃക ടൂറിസം കുമരകം
വിദേശസഞ്ചാരികളെ ആകർഷിക്കുന്നു

കേരളത്തിലെ കോട്ടയം ജില്ലയിൽ വേമ്പനാട്ട് കായലിന്റെ തീരത്തായി ഉള്ള ചെറിയ ദ്വീപുകളുടെ സമൂഹമാണ് കുമരകം എന്ന ഗ്രാമം. ഭൂമദ്ധ്യരേഖയ്ക്ക് 9.35 ഡിഗ്രി വടക്കും 76.26 ഡിഗ്രി കിഴക്കുമായി ആണ് കുമരകം സ്ഥിതിചെയ്യുന്നത്. ലോക പ്രശസ്തമായ വിനോദസഞ്ചാര കേന്ദ്രമാണ്‌ കുമരകം. വർഷം പ്രതി 17,000 ത്തിലധികം വിദേശ സഞ്ചാരികളും 30,000 ലധികം സ്വദേശീ സഞ്ചാരികളും ഇവിടെ എത്തുന്നു എന്ന് കണക്കാക്കപ്പെടുന്നു. കേരളത്തിലെ പല സ്ഥലങ്ങളുടെതും പോലെ കുമരകവും പ്രാചീനകാലത്ത് അറബിക്കടലിനടിയിലായിരുന്നു. വൈക്കം, കടുത്തുരുത്തി എന്നീ പ്രദേശങ്ങൾ രൂപപ്പെട്ടകാലത്താണ്‌ കുമരകവും ഉണ്ടായത്. കേരളത്തിൽ കണ്ടൽക്കാടുകൾ നിറയെ ഉള്ള സ്ഥലങ്ങളിലൊന്നാണ്‌ കുമരകം. കായൽ നികത്തി ഉണ്ടാക്കിയ കേരളത്തിലെ ആദ്യത്തെ പാടശേഖരങ്ങളും കുമരകത്താണ്. സമുദ്രനിരപ്പിനു താഴെ സ്ഥിതി ചെയ്യുന്നതിനാൽ കുമരകകത്തെ കേരളത്തിന്റെ നതർലാൻഡ്സ് എന്നു വിളിക്കുന്നു.

ചരിത്രം
കേരളത്തിന്റെ ചരിത്രത്തെക്കുറിച്ച് വ്യക്തമായ രേഖകൾ കുറവാണ്‌. അതേ പ്രശ്നം തന്നെയാണ്‌ കുമരകത്തിന്റെ ചരിത്രത്തെക്കുറിച്ചും നിലനിൽകുന്നത്. അറബിക്കടൽ പിൻ‌വാങ്ങിയശേഷം രൂപമെടുത്ത വൈക്കം കടുത്തുരുത്തി എന്നീ സ്ഥലങ്ങൾക്കൊപ്പമാണ്‌ കുമരകവും ഉണ്ടായത്. എന്നാൽ ആദ്യകാലത്ത് ഈ പ്രദേശം ചതുപ്പ് നിലങ്ങൾ മാത്രമായിരുന്നു. എ.ജി. ബേക്കർ എന്ന സായിപ്പാണ്‌ ആധുനികകുമരകത്തിന്റെ ശില്പി. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ വരവിനു മുൻപ് ഈ സ്ഥലത്തിന്റെ ഭൂരിഭാഗവും ചതുപ്പും മറ്റുള്ളവ വെമ്പനാട്ടുകായലിനടിയിലായിരുന്നു. 1847 ലാണ്‌ അദ്ദേഹം കുമരകത്തെത്തുന്നത്. അദ്ദേഹം തിരുവിതാംകൂര് രാജാവിൽ നിന്നും വെമ്പനാട് കായലിന്റെ വടക്ക് കിഴക്കായുള്ള കുമരകത്തിനോട് ചേർന്നുള്ള 500 ഏക്കർ ഭൂമി കൃഷിചെയ്യാനായി പാട്ടത്തിനെടുത്തു. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ കഠിനപ്രയത്നത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗമായി 500 ഏക്കറോളം വരുന്ന ചതുപ്പ് നല്ലവിളവുതരുന്ന കൃഷിഭൂമിയായി. മധ്യഭാഗത്തഅയി തെങ്ങുകൾ വച്ചു പിടിപ്പിച്ച അദ്ദേഹം തെങ്ങുകൾക്ക് ഉപ്പു കാറ്റേൽക്കാതിരിക്കാനും വെള്ളത്തിന്റെ ആക്രമണത്തിൽ നിന്ന് മണ്ണിനെ തടയാനുമായി കണ്ടൽ മരങ്ങൾ വച്ചു പിടിപ്പിച്ചു. തോടുകൾ കീറി 500 ഏക്കർ ഭൂമിയിലേക്കുള്ള ഗതാഗതം സുഗമമാക്കി.

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