പുളിമരം
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മലയാളികളുടെ ഭക്ഷണ ശീലങ്ങളില്‍ പുളിരസം ഒരു പ്രധാന ഘടകമാണ്. പുളിയെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള കേള്‍വിതന്നെ വായില്‍ വെള്ളം നിറയ്ക്കും. എരിവും പുളിയുമില്ലാത്ത കറി മലയാളിയുടെ ചിന്തയിൽ തന്നെ അന്യമാണ്.
കറികളിലും ഭഷണ അനുസാരകങ്ങളിലും പുളിരസം കിട്ടാന്‍ വേണ്ടി ചേര്‍ക്കുന്ന ഒന്നാണ് വാളന്‍പുളി. പുളിമരത്തിന്റെ പഴുത്തുണങ്ങിയ ഫലമാണ് നമ്മള്‍ പുളിയെന്നപേരില്‍ വാങ്ങിയുപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്. ഇതില്‍ വൈറ്റമിൻ-സി, കാർബോ ഹൈഡ്രേറ്റ്, പൊട്ടാസ്യം, അയൺ, ടാർടോറിക് ആസിഡ് തുടങ്ങിയ പോഷകങ്ങൾ അടങ്ങിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.
പഴയകാലത്ത് വീടുകളിലേയും ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളിലേയും പിച്ചള, ചെമ്പ്, ഓട് എന്നിവ കൊണ്ട് നിര്‍മ്മിച്ച പാത്രങ്ങളും വിളക്കുകളുമടക്കമുള്ള ഉപകരണങ്ങളിലെ ക്ളാവ് നീക്കി തിളക്കമുള്ളതാക്കാൻ വാളന്‍പുളിയുടെ സത്ത് ഉപയോഗിച്ചിരുന്നു.
കേരളത്തിന്റെ കാലാവസ്ഥയില്‍ സ്വാഭാവികമായി വളരുന്ന ഒരു ദീർഘകാല ഫലവൃക്ഷമാണ് വാളൻപുളി. വരൾച്ചയേയും ഉപ്പിനേയും പ്രതിരോധിക്കുവാന്‍ ശേഷിയുള്ള പുളിമരം 50-80 വർഷം വരെ കായ്ഫലത്തോടെ വളരുന്നു. വിത്ത് കിളിർത്താണ് സാധാരണ വംശവര്‍ദ്ദന. കാര്‍ഷിക ആവശ്യത്തിനായി ഒട്ടിച്ചും തൈകൾ തയ്യാറാക്കാറുണ്ട്. സാധാരണയായി പത്തു വർഷത്തോളം സമയം തൈകൾ കായ്ക്കാൻ വേണ്ടി വരുന്നു. ഒട്ടുതൈകൾക്ക് ഇതിന്റെ പകുതി കാലം മതിയാകും.
വേനൽക്കാലത്തിനൊടുവിൽ പുഷ്പിക്കുകയും ഫലങ്ങള്‍ ഫിബ്രവരി മാസത്തോടെ വിളഞ്ഞ് പഴുക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു.
പുളിയിലകള്‍ വളരെ ചെറുതാണ്. ഒരു ഞെട്ടില്‍ തന്നെ ധാരാളം ഇലകളുണ്ടാവും.
പൂക്കൾ കുലകളായാണുണ്ടാവുക. മങ്ങിയ മഞ്ഞ നിറമാണ്.
വളരെ വലിയ വേരുപടലമാണുള്ളത്. വളരെയധികം ദൂരത്തേക്കുവരെ പുളിയുടെ വേരുകള്‍ പോകാറുണ്ട്.
നല്ല ബലമുള്ള തടിയും ശാഖകളുമാണ് പുളിയുടെ പ്രത്യേകത.
“പുളിങ്കമ്പില്‍ പിടിക്കുക” എന്നൊരു പ്രയോഗം തന്നെയുണ്ട്.
തടി നിര്‍മ്മാണ പ്രവൃത്തികള്‍ക്ക് സാധാരണ യോജിച്ചതല്ല. കൊട്ടുവടി പോലെയുള്ള ചില പണിയായുധങ്ങള്‍ ഉരൽ, ചക്ക്, കട്ടിളകൾ, ഫർണിച്ചർ എന്നിവയ്ക്ക് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നുപുളിവിറക് ഉപയോഗിച്ചുണ്ടാക്കുന്ന കരി വളരെ വിശേഷപ്പെട്ടതാണ്. ഈ കരി വെടിക്കോപ്പുകളിൽ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.വ്യാസാര്‍ദ്ദം കൂടിയ തായ്തടി ഇറച്ചിവെട്ടുകാര്‍ ഉപയോഗിക്കാറുണ്ട്. പുളിന്തടി കൂടുതലും വിറകിനായാണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുക.
പുളിമരത്തിന്റെ ഇല, പൂവ്, ഫലം,വിത്ത്,മരത്തൊലി, വേര് എന്നിവയെല്ലാം ഔഷധ ആവശ്യങ്ങക്കായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
ഉണങ്ങിയ പുളി ഹൃദയത്തിന്റെ ടോണിക്ക് ആണ് , വാത ദോഷ ശമനി , ദാഹം വർധിക്കും , മലബന്ധം കുറയും , ശരീരം ശുദ്ധീകരിക്കും , ദഹന ശേഷി വർധിക്കും.
തെക്കേഇന്ത്യയില്‍ പ്രത്യേകിച്ച് തമിഴ്നാട്ടിൽ സാധാരണയായി കാണപ്പെടുന്ന പുളി മരത്തിന്റെ ( Tamarindus indica) ജന്മദേശം ആഫ്രിക്കയാണ്.
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